The Western Indian Ocean has emerged as a critical theatre of geopolitical contestation, driven by intensifying competition among regional and extra-regional powers. With China’s expanding maritime footprint, Iran’s strategic assertiveness, and growing Gulf involvement, the region is witnessing ...

The sinking of the IRIS Dena on 4 March 2026, following a torpedo strike by a United States submarine in the Indian Ocean, marks a rare and consequential escalation in contemporary naval warfare. Occurring within a neutral state’s Exclusive Economic Zone and involving an unarmed vessel returning f...

The bilateral relationship between the two states of India and the United States has evolved considerably over the past few decades, transforming from the Cold War estrangement to an increasingly strategic partnership, shaped by historical allegiances, shifting geopolitical priorities and growing ec...

The evolving security landscape of South Asia reflects a complex interplay of domestic instability, transnational threats, and great-power competition, with significant implications for India’s internal security architecture. The persistence of civil conflicts, political upheavals, and fragile gov...

The maritime security landscape in the East China Sea has experienced a major and long-term shift in the last ten years, shifting away from the periodical territorial conflicts to a state of long-term strategic rivalry characterised by persistent low-intensity conflicts. This is not merely a quantit...

Modern warfare development now depends on advanced technology systems which provide better situational awareness and improved decision-making capabilities. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, which people commonly call drones, have become essential tools for Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance operat...